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style="text-indent:25px">以失效抗力指標(biāo)為線(xiàn)索的失效分析思路是一種材料工作者常用的、比較綜合的方法。它是工程材料開(kāi)發(fā)、研究和推廣使用的有效方法之一。值得指出的是，在不同的服役條件下，要求零件(或材料)具有不同的失效抗力指標(biāo)的實(shí)質(zhì)是要求其強(qiáng)度與塑性、韌性之間應(yīng)有合理的配合。因此,研究零件(或材料)的強(qiáng)度、塑性(或韌性)等基本性能及它們之間的合理配合與具體服役條件之間的關(guān)系就是這一思路的重要，徐匯區(qū)失效分析服務(wù)咨詢(xún)。而進(jìn)一步研究失效抗力指標(biāo)與材料(或零件)的成分，徐匯區(qū)失效分析服務(wù)咨詢(xún)、組織，徐匯區(qū)失效分析服務(wù)咨詢(xún)、狀態(tài)之間的關(guān)系是提高其失效抗力的有效途徑。失效件是指進(jìn)入商品流通領(lǐng)域后發(fā)生故障的零件。徐匯區(qū)失效分析服務(wù)咨詢(xún)</p><div style="width:100%;text-align: center;"><img style="max-width: 640px; max-height: 320px;" alt="徐匯區(qū)失效分析服務(wù)咨詢(xún),失效分析" src="https://tyunfile.71360.com/UploadFile/Shatcc/637394287274877980/2115054.png"></div><p style="text-indent:25px">很多企事業(yè)單位把失效分析看作是失效檢測(cè)。目前很多第三方檢測(cè)公司所開(kāi)展的失效分析，也往往是失效檢測(cè)。檢驗(yàn)只是失效中的一小步，失效分析除了得出失效的原因之外，還應(yīng)該指導(dǎo)企業(yè)如何補(bǔ)救和預(yù)防。一份失效分析報(bào)告，只給出該產(chǎn)品是XX失效，這個(gè)意義不大。由于工作關(guān)系，接觸到一些產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)人員。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的設(shè)計(jì)，從失效分析人的角度來(lái)看，存在不少問(wèn)題。目前國(guó)內(nèi)這方面做得很欠缺，設(shè)計(jì)、生產(chǎn)、失效，各干各的。實(shí)際上，失效分析應(yīng)該參與到產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)工作。很多產(chǎn)品的失效問(wèn)題，都或多或少地牽扯到設(shè)計(jì)上的問(wèn)題。徐匯區(qū)失效分析服務(wù)咨詢(xún)失效分析通過(guò)分析和驗(yàn)證，模擬重現(xiàn)失效的現(xiàn)象。</p><div style="width:100%;text-align: center;"><img style="max-width: 640px; max-height: 320px;" alt="徐匯區(qū)失效分析服務(wù)咨詢(xún),失效分析" src="https://tyunfile.71360.com/UploadFile/Shatcc/637394287293081288/6511921.png"></div><p style="text-indent:25px">失效分析是從結(jié)果求原因的逆向認(rèn)識(shí)失效本質(zhì)的過(guò)程，結(jié)果和原因具有雙重性，因此，失效分析可以從原因入手，也可以從結(jié)果入手，也可以從失效的某個(gè)過(guò)程入手，如“順藤摸瓜”，即以失效過(guò)程中間狀態(tài)的現(xiàn)象為原因，推斷過(guò)程進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的結(jié)果，直至過(guò)程的終點(diǎn)結(jié)果“；順藤找根”，即以失效過(guò)程中間狀態(tài)的現(xiàn)象為結(jié)果，推斷該過(guò)程退一步的原因，直至過(guò)程起始狀態(tài)的直接原因“；順瓜摸藤”，即從過(guò)程中的終點(diǎn)結(jié)果出發(fā)，不斷由過(guò)程的結(jié)果推斷其原因“順；根摸藤”，即從過(guò)程起始狀態(tài)的原因出發(fā)，不斷由過(guò)程的原因推斷其結(jié)果。再如“順瓜摸藤+順藤找根”、“順根摸藤+順藤摸瓜”、“順藤摸瓜+順藤找根”等。</p><p style="text-indent:25px">微觀斷口分析：包括斷口顯微形貌（斷口組織）試驗(yàn)和局部化學(xué)成分試驗(yàn)，以此確定斷裂機(jī)理。通常都是采用電子顯微鏡分析。金相檢驗(yàn)：金相試樣的制備需在失效件上切片，這可能要求有關(guān)各方在切片前取得一致。金相檢驗(yàn)材料的顯微組織，有助于確認(rèn)熱處理的質(zhì)量情況，為失效原因提供證據(jù)。性能檢驗(yàn)：性能檢驗(yàn)是與設(shè)計(jì)所對(duì)應(yīng)的性能試驗(yàn)，這種確定性能的試驗(yàn)通常是破壞性試驗(yàn)。在不允許對(duì)失效件做破壞性取樣時(shí)，可以用硬度試驗(yàn)來(lái)推斷其力學(xué)性能，如屈服強(qiáng)度等。失效分析：模擬失效原因，制作與失效件相同的構(gòu)件，使之在設(shè)計(jì)要求的真實(shí)工況下運(yùn)行。這是非常昂貴但卻可信的試驗(yàn)，只有在特殊需要下才做。失效分析可以找出薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，查明不安全因素。</p><div style="width:100%;text-align: center;"><img style="max-width: 640px; max-height: 320px;" alt="徐匯區(qū)失效分析服務(wù)咨詢(xún),失效分析" src="https://tyunfile.71360.com/UploadFile/Shatcc/637394287289214020/5831393.png"></div><p style="text-indent:25px">失效缺陷是導(dǎo)致構(gòu)件損壞 (損傷)的實(shí)際缺陷。比如，裂紋、腐蝕坑、磨損帶、分層等。失效機(jī)理是致使構(gòu)件失效所發(fā)生的物理、化學(xué)的變化過(guò)程，即失效的微觀機(jī)制。例如，腐蝕模式下的電偶腐蝕、縫隙腐蝕、晶界腐蝕、點(diǎn)蝕，等等。失效起因是促使失效機(jī)理起作用的關(guān)鍵因素。比如，超載、疲勞載荷、電極電位差、微動(dòng)摩擦等。雖然由于科技的發(fā)展，產(chǎn)品在設(shè)計(jì)、生產(chǎn)、使用與維修上的技術(shù)改進(jìn)，使得產(chǎn)品的可靠性日益提高，然后失效事件并不會(huì)較終消失。而且，產(chǎn)品的自動(dòng)化程度愈高，技術(shù)愈密集，一旦出現(xiàn)失效，造成的損失就愈嚴(yán)重。因此失效分析將隨著科技的快速發(fā)展顯得更為重要，同時(shí)，科技的飛速發(fā)展也必將促進(jìn)和推動(dòng)失效分析學(xué)科的進(jìn)步。失效的分類(lèi)可以按功能進(jìn)行分類(lèi)。徐匯區(qū)失效分析服務(wù)咨詢(xún)</p><p style="text-indent:25px">失效分析成果反饋到有關(guān)部門(mén)之后，促進(jìn)了產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的提高。徐匯區(qū)失效分析服務(wù)咨詢(xún)</p><p style="text-indent:25px">失效分析應(yīng)該先掌握材料科學(xué)知識(shí)，還需要了解理化、力學(xué)、機(jī)械、可靠性方面的知識(shí)。這是知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備。但失效分析人員還應(yīng)該具備一個(gè)科學(xué)、嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、客觀的工作態(tài)度。失效分析很多時(shí)候在充當(dāng)一個(gè)裁判員，法官的角色。不能因?yàn)檎l(shuí)給錢(qián)多，就向著誰(shuí)說(shuō)話(huà)。失效分析工程師還應(yīng)該具有很強(qiáng)的抗壓能力。失效分析要找出失效的原因，找出其中的責(zé)任。這就往往會(huì)感受到來(lái)自各方的壓力。經(jīng)常遇到這樣的場(chǎng)景，某重大事故被拉去做失效分析。這個(gè)產(chǎn)品整個(gè)流程所有**都盯著你干活。你得指出你的觀點(diǎn)，并且有過(guò)硬的理由去說(shuō)服他們。此外，失效分析工程師還應(yīng)該具有較強(qiáng)的文字表達(dá)和語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力。你得讓你的觀點(diǎn)讓外行人看得懂，聽(tīng)得懂，這樣才能達(dá)到失效分析的補(bǔ)救、預(yù)防的效果。徐匯區(qū)失效分析服務(wù)咨詢(xún)</p></p><br /><p>文章來(lái)源地址: http://www.cdcfah.com/cp/2989883.html</p></div></div></div></div></div><div id="zfgs3zx" class="page-right twoColRt"><div id="zstuags" class="box01 margin10 clearfix"><h3><a href="http://www.cdcfah.com/cp/">猜你喜歡</a></h3><div id="l7fvmno" class="recomPic likePro"><a href="http://www.cdcfah.com/cp/814588.html"><div><img 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